Lines the thoracic cavity and covers the lungs. It contains pleural fluid, the serous fluid that prevents friction. SYN: pleural space; intrapleural space.

A monolayer of viscous, lubricating fluid that occupies the pleural space to reduce friction during lung expansion/contraction. The fluid is derived from interstitial fluid and contains tissue proteins, which give it a slippery, mucoid consistency.

Inflammation of the pleura, usually resulting from infection, trauma, or tumor.

A network of nerves or blood vessels. Some examples of nerve plexuses include: brachial, cervical, celiac, hypogastric, lumbar, and pelvic. See individual terms for complete definitions.

Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation practitioner = physiatrist

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A bacterial pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae that form cell pairs surrounded by a dense capsule, making the pathogen resistant to phagocytosis; symptoms include high fever, difficulty in breathing, and chest pain; potential to progress to meningitis.

Usually a secondary infection in debilitated patients – often HIV-AIDS. Old name: Pneumocystitis carinii